Oil-burning stove or furnace



(No Model.)

0. M. YOUNG & P. L. GIBBS.

OIL BURNING STOVE OR FURNACE.

No. 403,405. Patented. May 14, 1889.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE,

CHARLES M. YOUNG AND PIERRE L. GIBBS, OF CLINTON, IOWA.

OIL-BURNING STOVE OR FURNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 403,405, dated May 14, 1889. Application filed August 4, 1888. Serial No. 281,951. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that we, CHARLES M. YOUNG and PIERRE L. GIBBS, citizens of the United States of America, residing at Clinton, in the county of Clinton and State of Iowa, have inprises a burner adapted to be placed in the fire-chamber of an ordinary range or stove'or in the furnace of a steam-generator for generating steam.

It consists in the construction of the retort, in the construction and arrangement of the lighting-pan, in the construction and arrange ment of jackets around the retort to form airpassages to conduct air to the burner, in the arrangement of a baffle-plate and deflector to spread the flames, and in details of construction and combinations of parts, as herein after described, and pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings,which illustrate our invention and form a part of this specification, Figure 1 represents a central vertical section through our burner, and the latter located in the fire-chamber of a stove or range. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the burner. Fig. 3 is a plan view of the lighting-pan, and Fig. 4 is a perspective of the adjustable deflector detached.

R designates the retort, which is preferably of circular form, with bottom slightly inclining downward toward the center, a flat top, and a central vertical opening or passage. In the bottom of the retort, at one side of the central passage, is formed a cup or pocket, S, which forms an oil-reservoir, and through the bottom of which projects a tube or pipe, 0, which forms a continuation of the branch, feed, or supply pipe Z.

Z Z are main and branch feed pipes, through which oil is supplied to the burner, the pipe Z being connected with a tank or reservoir, (not shown,) from which, if sufficiently elevated, the oil will flow by its own weight; or if the reservoir be at or below the level of the burner the oil may be forced by air-pressure within the reservoir.

The pipe Crises nearly or quite to the top of the retort, and near the bottom of the reservoir O has openings 4: 1:, through which the oil enters the reservoir, and from the latter flows into the retort.

Below the retort R and reservoir S is a lighting-pan, P, of circular shape and somewhat larger than the retort R. This pan has radial openings 19 19, (see Fig. 3,) through which air is admitted from below. Each of these openings, as well as the pan itself, is surrounded by a vertical rim or flange to hold the supply of oil for lighting and starting the burner. The pan has an opening, 10, which coincides with the opening in the bottom of the reservoir S, through which the pipe 0 enters.

The pan is filled with some suitable absorbent material to take up and hold the oil used for lighting or starting the burner. At the opposite side from the reservoir S is an elbow-pipe, L, the vertical arm of which passes through the bottom and extends to near the top of the retort R, and the horizontal arm of which lies in the bottom of the pan P and projects under the central opening or passage in the retort. This pipe we denominate the vapor-pipe. Its upper end is open, and it has within the retort and near the bottom of the latter openings *0 12', through which the oil required to start the burner enters the pipe, passing through the latter and out through the opening G into the pan P, as hereinafter described.

Resting upon the top of the retort R are lugs 12 Z), from which depends a jacket, B, of somewhat larger diameter than the retort and ext-ending below the latter to within a short distance of the rim of the lighting-pan P.

Resting upon the lugs b b is a flat ring, a, from which depends an outer jacket, A, of larger diameter than the jacket B, so as to leave an air-space between .the two. The flat ring a, has openings a, through which the air that passes between the jackets A B escapes.

On the upper side of the flat ring a and dia metrically opposite each other are two vertical standards, 6 e, which form bearings or supports for journals or trunnions t of a baffle-plate, E, to support the latter a short dis tance above the ring a. The plate E is slightly larger than the opening in the ring a, and its connected to branch pipe Z.

periphery is toothed or serrated, as shown in Fig. 2, to spread and diffuse the burning vap The baffle-plate E has a central opening, 3 which is spanned by a bridge, d, with a central opening which receives the stem cl of a deflector, D, the latter being below the opening y in the baffle-plate and capable of adjustment toward and from the latter. This deflector spreads and deflects the flames, and by its adjustability admits more or less air through the opening y to support combustion.

When only a single burner is used, it may be attached directly to the main supply-pipe Z; but when two or more are used they are At the right of Fig. l the branch pipe for asecond burner is broken away.

G designates the outline of a range or stove in which the burners are used.

The operation of this burner is as follows: Oil is admitted from the supply reservoir by a regulating-valve, M, in the pipe Z. After traversing the pipes Z Z it flows into the reservoir S through the openings '1; v in pipe 0. When the reservoir is filled, the oil overflows into the retort R, and as soon as it rises to the height of the openings 12 o in pipe L it flows through the latter and escapes into the lighting-pan P through the opening G, and is taken up by the absorbent material in the pan. cient oil to start the burner, the valve M is temporarily closed and the oil is lighted, the flames passing upward through the opening in center of retort R and between the latter and jacket B. WVhen the retort becomes sufficiently heated to vaporize the contained oil, the valve M is adjusted to admit the proper supply of oil, and the burner is then in operation. The vapor, as it is generated in the retort, passes into and through the pipe L, entering either at the top, as indicated by arrows, or through the openings v '0' or both, and passing out through the 0pening G, where it is ignited. The flames pass up through the central opening in the retort, and, impinging against deflector D, are deflected outward, and passing over the top of retort impart suflicient heat to vaporize the oil in the latter. As the now partly-consumed gas passes the opening 1 it receives more air. A still further supply of air is added by the ascending current between jackets A and B. The latter current is divided, as shown by the arrows, part passing in underneath the ring a and the balance through openings to a. The serrated or broken edge of baffle-plate E serves to break the flame into streams, therebyinsuring complete final combustion by coming in contact with the rapidly ascending air-currents through a a and the open air. The general arrangement and relation of retort R, jackets A and B, and pan P are such that when the machine is in full operation very little, if any,

As soon as the pan contains suffiair will pass upward between retort and jacket 13, thus preventing the chilling of retort. When more or less air is required through opening y, the deflector is adjusted from or toward the baffle-plate, whereby the air-passage between the two is enlarged or diminished.

N designates a stop-cock or valve in the branch pipe Z, whereby oil is admitted to or cut off from the second burner. (Not shown.)

Having thus described our invention, we claim-- 1. A retort for vaporizing hydrocarbon oils, having a central opening or flame-passage and provided with 4 a depending pocket to form an oil-reservoir, in combination with the supply-pipe extending into said pocket, provided with openings near the bottom of the reservoir. and from which the oil passes from the pipe to the reservoir, substantially as described.

2. In a stove for vaporizing hydrocarbon oils, the combination, with the retort, provided with a central opening-or flame-passage and with a depending pocket to form an oil-reservoir, of the delivery-tube connected with the supply-pipe, entering through the bottom of the reservoir and extending nearly to the top of the retort, said pipe provided with lateral openings near the bottom of the pocket for the passage of the oil to the retort, substantially as set forth. 7

3. In a stove for vaporizing hydrocarbon oils, having a central opening or flame-passage and provided with the depending pocket to form an oil-reservoir, in combination with the supply-pipe extending into the pocket, and provided with the openings near the bottom of the reservoir, through which the oil passes from the pipe to the reservoir, and a pipe extending into the retort provided with openings near the bottom of the retort for supplying the oil to the lighting-pan through said pipe, substantially as described.

4. In a stove for vaporizing hydrocarbon oils, the combination of the retort having a centralopeuing or passage for the burning vapor, a baffle-plate provided with the notched or serrated edge and the central semicircular openings, and a deflector arranged below the serrated edge and the central semicircular openings,'a deflector arranged below the central openings, and means for adjusting the same to or from the opening in the retort, substantially as set forth.

6. In a stove for vaporizing hydrocarbon oil, the combination of the retort having the central opening for the passage of the flame,

a bathe-plate provided with the notched or serrated edge and the central semicircular openings, the jacket provided with the openings, a deflector arranged below the central openings in the bafiie-plate, all substantially as set forth, whereby a downward current of air is caused to pass through the central openings in the bathe-plate and mingle with the products of combustion, and an up- IO ward current through the openings in the ring to mingle with the products of combustion passing through the notches or serrations in the baffle-plate.

In testimony whereof we affix our signatures in presence of two witnesses.

CHARLES M. YOUNG. P. L. GIBBS. Witnesses:

FRANK THORNBURG, W. H. ZIUGG. 

